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A Cache Is a Second, Older Copy, So Caching Anything Is Agreeing to Be Wrong for a While

Everything else in this sub-domain is a mechanism, and a mechanism chosen without a stated tolerance produces a system nobody can reason about afterwards. This node rests only on the entry floor - the database holds the truth and reading it costs something - and the TTL, invalidation, write-shape and per-viewer-key nodes are all answers to the question it forces. It is also the node that lets a learner decide not to cache a value at all, which is a real and frequently correct outcome.