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Confounding Variables as Alternative Explanations for a Result

A confounding variable is an outside factor that changes alongside the one under study and could produce the observed outcome by itself. A learner afterwards can name a plausible confound in a described study and say what it leaves unresolved about the claimed cause.

Questions this Concept answers

Why does assigning people to conditions at random reduce concern about confounding variables?

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Statistical Controls for Causal Inference in Business Research

Statistical control is a method for supporting causal claims from observational data when randomized experiments are infeasible, by including theoretically justified control variables in a statistica…