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Deleting a Node from a Binary Search Tree Recursively in C++

Deletion from a binary search tree is the operation of removing a node while preserving the BST ordering invariant — for every node, all keys in its left subtree are lesser and all keys in its right subtree are greater. The operation decomposes into three structural cases by the target node's degree: a leaf is detached and deallocated; a node with one child is bypassed by relinking its parent to that child; and a node with two children is handled by copying in its inorder successor (minimum of the right subtree) or inorder predecessor (maximum of the left subtree) and then recursively deleting that duplicate, which necessarily falls into one of the two easier cases. This belongs to the study of dynamic search structures in data structures and algorithms, and its recursive formulation relies on the fact that every subtree of a BST is itself a BST, so link repair happens as the recursion unwinds.