A code smell signals a design problem without necessarily being a bug, and recognizing common smells guides refactoring toward better-structured object-oriented software. This concept belongs to software design principles, covering primitive obsession (using parallel data structures instead of a proper object), misleading naming, excessive class responsibilities (data clumps that should be extracted into their own class), the "tell, don't ask" principle and its inverse the "verb-subject smell," feature envy, the Law of Demeter (principle of least knowledge) as a defense against tight coupling from chained attribute access, hardwired initialization sequences, and dependency injection as an alternative to objects explicitly constructing their own dependencies.
A code smell signals a design problem without necessarily being a bug, and recognizing common smells guides refactoring toward better-structured object-oriented software. This concept belongs to soft…