A galvanic (voltaic) cell converts spontaneous oxidation-reduction chemistry into electrical current by physically separating the oxidation and reduction half-reactions and connecting them through an external conductor. Each half-reaction has an associated standard reduction potential (measured in volts, i.e., joules per coulomb), and the overall cell potential is the sum of the reduction potential at the cathode and the reversed (oxidation) potential at the anode, quantifying the driving force for electron transfer between the two redox couples. This belongs to electrochemistry, the branch of chemistry concerned with the interconversion of chemical energy and electrical energy via oxidation-reduction reactions.
A galvanic (voltaic) cell converts spontaneous oxidation-reduction chemistry into electrical current by physically separating the oxidation and reduction half-reactions and connecting them through an…