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Gluon Mass Generation via the Schwinger Mechanism in QCD

How Quantum Chromodynamics dynamically generates a gluon mass scale through the Schwinger mechanism: the formation of massless scalar colored bound-state excitations that enter the fundamental vertices as massless poles at zero momentum transfer, stabilizing the gluon propagator in the infrared and displacing the theory's Ward and Slavnov-Taylor identities, with the mass scale fixed by Bethe-Salpeter bound-state dynamics and constrained by the Fredholm alternative theorem.

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Gluon mass scale through the Schwinger mechanism M. N. Ferreiraa,b, J. Papavassiliouc,d,∗

A review of how the Schwinger mechanism dynamically generates a mass scale for the gluon in Quantum Chromodynamics. When massless scalar colored bound-state excitations form in the gauge sector, they…