Conceptual

How to Calculate Chi-Square Test in Statistics

The Chi-Square test is a statistical hypothesis testing procedure within inferential statistics used to determine if there exists a significant association between two categorical variables. The core mechanism involves comparing observed frequencies against expected frequencies derived under the assumption of independence, utilizing a contingency table where all cell counts must satisfy boundary conditions (typically >5) for valid inference. If the calculated test statistic exceeds a critical value determined by degrees of freedom and a significance level, the null hypothesis of no relationship is rejected; otherwise, it is retained as statistically significant evidence supports the alternative hypothesis of dependency between variables.