The core principle relies on Stokes' Law to establish a deterministic relationship between particle settling velocity and specific gravity differences within a fluid medium. Formally defined by the Richardson-Zaki equation for non-ideal suspensions, this theory dictates the critical density threshold required to separate particles based on hydrodynamic drag forces balanced against gravitational acceleration. This concept represents the foundational kinematic framework of hydrometallurgical separation processes within chemical engineering and mineral processing science.
Prerequisite chain context: requires Froth Flotation Process in Mineral Processing.