Conceptual

LHC and HL-LHC Bounds on the B-L Z-prime Gauge Boson

Collider constraints on the massive Z-prime gauge boson of the minimal U(1)_{B-L} extension of the Standard Model. Using ATLAS Run 2 dilepton resonance data (13 TeV, 139 fb^-1), lower mass limits are extracted for a Z-prime that couples with universal B-L charge to all fermions, with and without sizeable invisible decays into dark matter or right-handed neutrinos; a large invisible branching ratio relaxes the bound. Establishes that the LHC now surpasses LEP constraints and projects HL-LHC sensitivity (14 TeV, 3 ab^-1) up to 7.5 TeV.