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Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) Displacement Sensors in Industrial Instrumentation

A linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) is an inductive displacement sensor comprising one primary winding and two identical secondary windings connected in series opposition around a movable ferromagnetic core, in which core position varies the mutual inductance between the primary and each secondary, producing a net secondary voltage whose magnitude is linear in displacement and whose phase (in or out of phase with the excitation) indicates direction relative to the geometric null. This belongs to industrial instrumentation and measurement science, specifically inductive transducer theory for contactless displacement sensing, contrasted with resistive (potentiometric) displacement sensors.