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Low-Luminosity Type IIP Supernovae with Narrow Hydrogen Emission Lines in Astrophysics

Low-luminosity Type IIP supernovae are hydrogen-rich core-collapse explosions of relatively low-mass massive stars, showing faint plateaus and low expansion velocities. Students learn how combined photometry, spectroscopy, and light-curve modelling constrain the ejecta mass, explosion energy, and progenitor mass of such events, and how atypically narrow hydrogen emission lines and steep photospheric declines mark the diversity within this subclass.