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N+1 Multiplicity Rule

A proton coupled equally to n equivalent neighboring protons appears as n+1 lines with binomial (Pascal's triangle) intensities: 2 neighbors give a 1:2:1 triplet, 3 give a 1:3:3:1 quartet. Inequivalent neighbor sets with different J values multiply instead, giving doublets of doublets and similar patterns.

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A proton coupled equally to n equivalent neighboring protons appears as n+1 lines with binomial (Pascal's triangle) intensities: 2 neighbors give a 1:2:1 triplet, 3 give a 1:3:3:1 quartet. Inequivalent neighbor sets with different J values multiply instead, giving doublets of doublets and similar patterns.

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