Conceptual

Outlier-Robust Linear System Identification Under Heavy-Tailed Noise

How to estimate the state transition matrix of a linear time-invariant system from noisy trajectories when the process noise has heavy tails or adversarial outliers, assuming only a finite fourth moment. The learner sees why standard least-squares estimators fail under heavy tails, how forming many weakly-concentrated estimators and boosting them with robust-statistics tools recovers nearly the sub-Gaussian sample complexity, and how the noise kurtosis sets the number of trajectories required.