This concept explains the pathogenesis of lung cancer as a multistep process in which chronic exposure to carcinogens, predominantly cigarette smoke, induces accumulated mutations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes within respiratory epithelium, leading to loss of normal growth control and immune surveillance evasion. It situates lung cancer within oncology and respiratory medicine, addressing causative risk factors, non-smoking-related pathogenesis, and the clinical reasoning framework used to recognize the disease from variable presenting symptoms.
This concept explains the pathogenesis of lung cancer as a multistep process in which chronic exposure to carcinogens, predominantly cigarette smoke, induces accumulated mutations in tumor suppressor…