The theoretical framework establishes SU(3) flavor symmetry within Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), utilizing group representation theory to classify baryons and mesons into singlets, octets, and decuplets based on the tensor product of quark triplets. This model relies on conserved quantum numbers—baryon number, strangeness, charm, bottomness, topness—and their relationship via the generalized Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula to define electric charge and hypercharge. The theory posits that exact SU(3) symmetry is spontaneously broken due to quark mass differences, necessitating a breaking pattern from SU(3) down to isospin (SU2), which allows for the derivation of rigorous mass relations via the Gell-Mann–Okubo formula.
The theoretical framework establishes SU(3) flavor symmetry within Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), utilizing group representation theory to classify baryons and mesons into singlets, octets, and decupl…