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Semianalytical Black Hole Images for Shell and Annulus Accretion

A semianalytical framework that derives, from the equations of lightlike geodesics in Schwarzschild spacetime, closed-form observed-intensity formulas and transfer functions for optically thin spherical-shell and circular-annulus accretion models (static, infalling, rotating), and uses them to plot and characterize the geometric and luminosity features of the resulting black hole images.

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2501.00361

This paper develops a semianalytical approach to imaging a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by optically thin accretion. Using the equations of lightlike geodesics, the authors derive formulas for…