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Store-and-Forward Packet Buffering at Network Devices

A message crossing a network is split into packets that are received in full by each intermediate device, held in a finite interface buffer, and then forwarded out an egress link of finite bandwidth. A student who has learned this can explain why a packet's journey involves several hops of receive-then-send, why each hop holds a queue of waiting packets, and why a packet arriving at a full buffer is discarded rather than delayed.

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Store and Forward Routing in Computer Networks

Store-and-forward routing is the mechanism by which routers on packet-switched networks (such as the internet) buffer incoming packets in a queue before making a forwarding decision and transmitting …