Synonymous vs Non-synonymous

Comparing rates of silent and amino-acid-changing mutations to detect selection pressure.

Questions this Concept answers

Why is a \( Ka/Ks \) ratio well below \( 1 \) read as evidence that a gene is constrained?

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Nonsynonymous substitution

A non-synonymous substitution is a nucleotide change that alters a protein's amino acid sequence, unlike a synonymous substitution, which leaves the sequence intact. Because only non-synonymous chang…