Conceptual
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The Phonation Continuum from Breathy to Modal to Creaky

Voice quality as a single ordered dimension of how completely and how long the folds close each cycle, rather than three unrelated categories. Taught as one node because it is one continuum of glottal adduction. It is the parent of the three perturbation measures, and the fence keeps it descriptive: healthy variation in a normal instrument, not dysphonia.

Questions this Concept answers

  • Two speakers hold a vowel at the same fundamental frequency, but one sounds breathy. Why does the breathy voice sound different?