Conceptual

Threat-Agnostic Resilience Principles for Critical Infrastructure Systems

A design approach in which critical infrastructure maintains its essential functions under any disruption, regardless of the specific threat, by cultivating five intrinsic system characteristics: modularity, distributedness, redundancy, diversity, and plasticity. Learners study how each characteristic is defined, realized in power, water, and transportation systems, and quantified with network-science metrics, and how a four-step framework maps critical functions to these characteristics and stress-tests them with simulation rather than predefined threat scenarios.