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Wireless Networking Fundamentals and Components in Cellular Systems

A wireless network is a communication system in which processing devices connect over a radio (air) interface using the same fundamental components as any network (nodes, network interfaces, a connection medium, network operating software, and interconnection devices: hubs, switches, routers, access points). Cellular systems are large-scale wireless networks in which base stations act as access points linked to an intelligent mobile switching center connected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). Unlike fixed networks, wireless networks have dynamic configurations (mobility, handoff, location registration) and scarce shared spectrum, giving advantages in mobility, installation and scalability but limitations in complexity, channel randomness and bandwidth, while generations (1G to 3G) evolve toward converged multi-service standards.